The ethical dimension and the ethical review of projects have become increasingly bureaucratized. In terms of their knowledge of ethics, five (5) participants reported having taken one university course entirely dedicated to ethics, four (4) reported having taken several university courses entirely dedicated to ethics, three (3) had a university degree dedicated to ethics, while two (2) only had a few hours or days of training in ethics and two (2) reported having no knowledge of ethics. Further, operating in highly competitive environments, while trying to respect the values and ethical principles of research, creates ethical paradoxes for members of the research community. A good starting point is the rejection of the corollary norms of publish or perish and do more, faster, and better and their replacement with publish quality instead of quantity, which necessarily entails do less, slower, and better. The relationship between research assistants and other members of research teams can sometimes be problematic and raise ethical issues, particularly because of the inevitable power asymmetries. We are in an environment, an elite one, you are part of it, you know what it is: publish or perish is the motto. There is also the issue of the place of animals in our lives, because for me, ethics is human ethics, but also animal ethics. At the time of my promotion, some colleagues were not happy with the type of research I was conducting. 14. Participants noted that there are ethical silences in their organizations on this issue, and that the culture of individualism and performance is not challenged for fear of retribution or simply to survive, i.e., to perform as expected. Ethica Revue interdisciplinaire de recherche en thique. Ethical considerations related to the balance of power and potential for change in respondents' professional actions and decisions post-interview are discussed whilst problematizing the concept of truly informed consent. So, our students are poorly funded. To our knowledge, this is the first time that these injustices (social, distributive, and epistemic injustices) have been clearly identified. Drolet MJ, Sauvageau A, Baril N, Gaudet R. Les enjeux thiques de la formation clinique en ergothrapie. I almost quit at one point, but another colleague told me, No, stay, nothing will happen. Rosa distinguishes three types of acceleration: technical acceleration, the acceleration of social changes and the acceleration of the rhythm of life. In particular, our results highlight the role of systemic injustices be they social, distributive or epistemic within the environments in which research is carried out, at least in Canada. The question that prompted this research was: What are the ethical issues in research? Participants felt that this culture can have a significant negative impact on the quality of the research conducted, as research teams try to maximize the quantity of their work (instead of quality) in a highly competitive context, which is then exacerbated by a lack of resources and support, and where everything must be done too quickly. Study design and ethics approval. Tell me about a time you faced an ethical dilemma. They also emphasized the importance of ensuring the respect, well-being, and safety of research participants. What is the nature of the situation? 5 Common Ethical Interview Questions and Sample Answers In a scientific study, research ethics plays a crucial role, and it refers to a persistent experience towards producing new knowledge for the sake of unveiling a new stream of ideas in academia. The fundamental structural issue, I would say, is the mismatch between the normative requirements and the real risks posed by the research, i.e., we have many, many requirements to meet; we have very long forms to fill out but the research projects we evaluate often pose few risks (participant 8). 12. Research article First published online March 16, 2022 Ethical issues in multilingual research situations: a focus on interview-based research Natalie Schembri https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-0488 and Alma Jahi Jai https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8344-8051 View all authors and affiliations Volume 18, Issue 3 Will the universities make rooms available to researchers, places where they can store these things, especially when they have paper documentation, and is there indeed a guarantee of confidentiality? Clark & Sousa (2022) note, it is important that other criteria than the volume of researchers contributions be valued in research, notably quality. There are directors who have 25 students, and they just dont supervise them (participant 14). Is it just name and phone number or are you getting into more sensitive information? There was a perverse effect, because in the end there was very little research done with these people and thats why we have very few results, very little evidence [to support practices with these populations] so it didnt improve the quality of services. So, it happens that the student will do a lot of work and then we realize that the work is poorly done, and it is not necessarily the students fault. The research environment is highly competitive and performance-based. These authors also remind us of the relevance of Kahnemans (2012) work which demonstrates that it takes time to think analytically, thoroughly, and logically. There is a lot of pressure from researchers who want to recruit research participants (). Drolet MJ, Girard K. Les enjeux thiques de la recherche en ergothrapie: un portrait proccupant. Springer Nature - PMC COVID-19 Collection, https://www.universityaffairs.ca/career-advice/effective-successfull-happy-academic/its-time-to-end-canadas-obsession-with-research-quantity/?utm_source=University+Affairs+e-newsletter&utm_campaign=276a847f, https://ethics.gc.ca/eng/documents/tcps2-2018-en-interactive-final.pdf, members of the American psychological association, research ethics board members, researchers, healthcare politicians and district nurses, researchers, health professionals and patients, researcher participants and other stakeholders, Managers, Researchers, Unit Leaders and Practitioners, research participants (women and their family members), health care providers and key stakeholders, REB member, research ethics expert, and researcher. I would say [there are now] tons of forms to fill out. Ethical Issues in Research | SpringerLink However, participants in our study i.e., REB members, researchers, and research ethics experts noted that some research teams seem to put their own interests ahead of those of research participants. I have never sent a grant application to the federal government in English. Some researchers have told me: Listen; there are even filing cabinets in the corridors. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Pope KS, Vetter VA. It is thus evident that the academic community should be able to identify these different ethical issues in order to evaluate the nature of the risks that they pose (and for whom), and then work towards their prevention or management (i.e., education, enhanced policies and procedures, risk mitigation strategies). Swisher LL, Arsalanian LE, Davis CM. So, the younger people have to adapt or they dont get funded (participant 14). I was under pressure for the first three years until my contract was renewed. Justice, then, is about determining an equitable distribution of common goods. Participants held a variety of roles, including: REB members (n=11), researchers (n=10), research ethics experts (n=4), and research assistant (n=1). Clark, A., & Sousa (2022). This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. Relationships between the members of research teams and their research participants raise ethical issues that can be complex. The repeated reading of the verbatim allowed the first analyst to write a synopsis, i.e., an initial extraction of units of meaning. Sixteen individuals (n=16) participated in the study, of whom nine (9) identified as female and seven (7) as male (Table2). The site is secure. Faced with difficulties in obtaining funding for their projects, several strategies some of which are unethical are used by researchers in order to cope with these situations. This is something that we see more and more, namely the lack of distance between ideology and science (participant 8). This article outlines the three different types of ethics and presents a list of compelling ethics topics for essays and research papers, as well as ethical questions to debate. Field Research Methods I Although some interviews were conducted in person, the majority were conducted by videoconference to promote accessibility and because of the COVID-19 pandemic. He had another candidate in mind, and he was angry about the selection. The principal investigator obtained ethics approval for this project from the Research Ethics Board of the Universit du Qubec Trois-Rivires (UQTR). Although all participants considered themselves to be francophone, one quarter (n=4) identified themselves as belonging to a cultural minority group. Ethical considerations in research are a set of principles that guide your research designs and practices. ), and (b) the scope and severity (i.e., is this the first instance or a recurrent behaviour? You make up for it, but at the same time its a bit because were in a hurry, we dont necessarily have the resources or are able to take the time to do things well from the start, we have to make up for it later. International research What should you consider if your research has an international dimension Data requirements Your responsibilities when gathering and sharing data Research organisations and research ethics committees Build and maintain appropriate structures and support for good practice Ethics reviews Further, it enabled the identification of additional ethical issues, especially systemic injustices experienced in research. Common Ethical Issues In Research And Publication - PMC Lierville AL, Grou C, Pelletier JF. Bruhn et al., (2002) developed a typology of misbehaviour and misconduct in academia that can be used to judge the seriousness of different cases. 102 Citations 13 Altmetric Metrics Abstract Focus group methodology generates distinct ethical challenges that do not correspond fully to those raised by one-to-one interviews. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, As noted in the Acknowledgements, this research was supported financially by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC).
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